A Systematic Literature Review for Stigma Reduction Interventions of Leprosy in the Community

Abstract

Leprosy-related stigma in communities is a major problem that leads to discrimination against patients. This systematic review aimed to explore stigma reduction interventions for people affected by leprosy, following the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) guidelines for systematic reviews. Eligible studies were published between 2014 and 2024, using keywords such as “Interventions,” “reduce stigma,” “leprosy,” and “community.” Of 36 research reports identified, six met the inclusion criteria (three experimental and three quasi-experimental studies). Data were analyzed using content summary analysis and descriptive statistics. The findings revealed five main approaches for reducing leprosy stigma: (1) health education, (2) campaigns, (3) counseling, (4) home visits, and (5) social and economic support. Implementing a combination of these activities significantly reduced stigma (p-value < 0.001). Integrating interventions—such as combining education with campaigns, providing individual counseling, and conducting context-specific home visits—along with offering social and economic support to patients and their families, proved to be effective. It is recommended that public health authorities should be promote and integrate stigma reduction programs into primary healthcare services, particularly in communities with a high prevalence of leprosy. Additionally, community health personnel should be trained to implement these programs effectively, including delivering education, counseling, home visits, and facilitating access to social and economic support for patients and their families.