DEVELOPMENT OF SANDWICH INSTRUCTIONAL MODEL TO ENHANCE SELF-DIRECTED LEARNING ABILITY OF VOCATIONAL STUDENTS
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The aim of these research were 1) to examine the factors affecting self- directed learning ability of vocational students at Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine 2) to develop sandwich instructional model to enhance Self-Directed ability of vocational students at Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine and 3) to study the results of implementing sandwich instructional model to enhance Self-Directed ability of vocational students at Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine. This study consists of three Phases. The sample group consisted of 120 former freshmen from 3 sections of students who major in Nursing who enrolled Physiology course at Guangxi University in Phase 1. Phase 2 was to develop instructional model and verify the feasibility of the instructional model by 5 specialists. There were 50 students from Guangxi University were cluster random sampling In the Phase 3. The instruments were (1) a set of questionnaires of students and lecturers (2) a set of questionnaires for confirming sandwich instructional model (3) lesson plans and (4) Scoring Rubric. Data were statistically analyzed by frequency, percentage, mean standard deviation.
The findings were revealed that the factors affecting self- directed learning ability of vocational students at Guangxi University include internal factors and external factors from the students and the lecturers, and Following interviews with three lecturers, key factors influencing the Self-Directed Learning Ability of Vocational Students in Guangxi Province were identified. Internal factors highlighted the significance of teachers' professional knowledge, teaching abilities, continuous training, and the impact of their physical and mental well-being on cultivating students' independent learning skills. Teachers' personal beliefs, attitudes, and views on education also played crucial roles. External factors focused on effective course design, teaching techniques, and strategies, with the sandwich teaching model being mentioned as a tool to enhance independent learning. Diverse teaching materials, classroom environment, and the influence of family and social surroundings were underscored as pivotal elements for improving students' self-directed learning abilities.
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