Peace and Buddhism: A Conceptual Examination from Johan Galtung's Perspective

Abstract

This article examines the role of Buddhism in peacebuilding through a conceptual analysis based on Johan Galtung's perspective, comparing the viewpoints of Buddhism and Galtung. Buddhism emphasises inner peace through the reduction of defilements (Kleshas) and the cultivation of the mind, which serves as the foundation for outer peace. In contrast, Galtung proposes the concept of positive peace by addressing direct, structural, and cultural violence to promote social justice. The article explores the potential integration of both perspectives to foster peace in multicultural societies.

            The findings indicate that Buddhism faces limitations in the complex context of modern society, while Galtung’s concept highlights the connection between spiritual and social dimensions. Furthermore, this article examines the potential of Buddhism as a tool for conflict resolution and violence reduction, assessing both its strengths and limitations. The integration of Galtung’s and Buddhism’s concepts provides a more comprehensive analytical framework for peacebuilding in diverse societies and offers valuable insights for conflict transformation and sustainable peace efforts at both national and international levels.