Archaeology of Nakhon Pathom: An Integration for Enhancing Social Studies, Religion, and Culture Learning Management at Wat Sala School (Luang Pho Noi Foundation), Nakhon Pathom Primary Educational Service Area Office 1

Abstract

            The objectives of this research were: 1) to study the history, culture, and archaeology of Nakhon Pathom, and 2) to integrate this knowledge to promote learning in the social studies, religion, and culture curriculum at Wat Sala School (Luang Pho Noi Uppatham), under the Nakhon Pathom Primary Educational Service Area Office 1.The targeted informants included: 1) the knowledgeable group, consisting of individuals with in-depth information on history, traditions, culture, rituals, and society related to the archaeology of Nakhon Pathom; 2) the practitioners group, consisting of teachers, students, villagers, and those who had lived in or been involved with the archaeology of Nakhon Pathom; and 3) the general public group, consisting of people who had knowledge of, lived in, or had been associated with the archaeology of Nakhon Pathom. This research employed a qualitative cultural approach. Data collection tools included surveys, interviews, observations, focus group discussions, and workshops.

           The research findings revealed that: 1) ancient Nakhon Pathom played a significant role from the 12^th–13^th Buddhist centuries, with Buddhism and Brahman beliefs forming the foundation of the city and society. The legends of Nakhon Chai Si, Phra Prothon Chedi, and Phra Pathom Chedi reflected the development of religion, arts, and sciences. Archaeological evidence and actual sites confirmed its status as a cultural center in the region during ancient times. 2) Learning activities that integrated Nakhon Pathom archaeology with social studies, religion, and culture were learner-centered, using Active Learning and Project-Based Learning approaches. These activities allowed learners to research, analyze, and synthesize information through hands-on experiences, fostering thinking skills, collaboration, creativity, as well as promoting values, ethics, and pride in preserving local cultural heritage effectively.