Factors Affecting the Basic National Educational Achievement (O-NET) of Students in Grade 6 at Opportunity Extension School under The Uttaradit Primary Educational Service Area 1

Abstract

The objectives of this research were 1) to examine the factors influencing academic achievement as measured by the Ordinary National Educational Test (O-NET) among Grade 6 students in opportunity expansion schools under the jurisdiction of the Uttaradit Primary Educational Service Area Office 1, and 2) to investigate the relationships between student-related, family-related, and school-related factors and students’ academic achievement based on the O-NET results. This study employed a survey research methodology. The population consisted of 911 Grade 6 students from opportunity expansion schools, and the sample comprised 296 students from 36 schools, selected using quota sampling. The research instrument was a questionnaire on factors affecting academic achievement based on O-NET performance, with a reliability coefficient of .913, indicating high reliability. Descriptive statistics, including means and standard deviations, were used to describe levels of opinions regarding the three factors, while inferential statistics, specifically Pearson’s correlation coefficient, were employed to examine the relationships between the variables and students’ academic achievement, with a significance level set at .05. The research findings revealed that (1) the overall level of factors influencing academic achievement based on O-NET was high, ranked in descending order as school-related factors, family-related factors, and student-related factors; and (2) student-related factors showed the highest correlation with O-NET results (r = 0.50), followed by school-related factors (r = 0.15), with both correlations being statistically significant at the .05 level.