Challenges in Managing a Multigenerational Workforce : A Literature Review of Work Needs and Behaviors

Abstract

Managing a multigenerational workforce in modern workplaces has become a major challenge for organizational managers, as employees from different generations possess diverse needs, values, and work behaviors. This academic article aims for a literature review about the work-related needs and behaviors of employees from different generations, including Baby Boomers, Generation X, Generation Y, and Generation Z. This study employed a systematic literature review approach by searching data from Scopus, Web of Science, Google Scholar, and TCI databases using keywords related to generational differences and work behavior. Articles were selected based on predefined criteria, including peer-reviewed research articles published between 2015 and 2025, with content relevant to the behaviors and needs of employees across different generations. The selected articles were then synthesized using content analysis. The findings indicate that key managerial challenges include designing work environments and motivational systems that appropriately address generational differences, fostering an organizational culture that supports coexistence amid diversity, and managing conflicts arising from variations in work styles and values. This study contributes to the development of human resource management theories and practices related to multigenerational workforces and provides practical recommendations for organizations to enhance work performance, job satisfaction, and the sustainable retention of employees across all age groups.