Learning Management Using Gpas 5 Steps Systematic Thinking Through The Metaverse to Enhance Learning Outcomes in Biological Science of Matthayom Suksa 4 Student

Abstract

This research had the following objectives: 1) To design an instructional approach utilizing the GPAS 5 Steps systematic higher-order thinking process via the Metaverse. 2) To compare the learning outcomes of students taught using this process. And 3) To examine students’ satisfaction with the learning management approach employing the GPAS 5 Steps in the Metaverse. Research instruments included eight GPAS 5 Steps lesson plans delivered through the Metaverse (totaling 16 hours), a pre-test and post-test, and a satisfaction questionnaire. The sample consisted of 25 Grade 10 students from Jung Hua Municipal School, under the Office of Education, Phatthalung Municipality, during the first semester of the 2025 academic year. Data were analyzed using mean, standard deviation, and a dependent samples t-test. The findings were as follows: 1) The designed instruction for the topic “Homeostasis in Living Organisms” in Grade 10 biological science incorporated five steps: a) Gathering: data collection and observation b) Processing: analysis and knowledge synthesis c) Applying: practice and post-practice summary d) Synthesizing: communication and presentation e) Self regulating: assessment to enhance social value and public-mindedness. The instructional model featured a virtual classroom in the Metaverse, augmented reality (AR) technology, and the ADDIE Model for instructional design. Teaching media included Spatial.io and AR-based 3D models of body organs to illustrate the structure and function of homeostatic systems, along with video demonstrations. 2) The mean pre-test score was 6.72 while the mean post-test score was 16.08, indicating that post-test performance was significantly higher than pre-test at the .01 level, demonstrating the effectiveness of the approach. And 3) students’ satisfaction with the instructional approach had a mean score of 4.73 indicating a very high level of satisfaction.