AN APPLICATION OF THE FOUR PRINCIPLES OF SOCIAL INTEGRATION SAṄGAHAVATTHU 4 IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF NAKHĀTHEWĪ TEMPLE, NAKHA SUBDISTRICT, MUEANG DISTRICT, UDON THANI PROVINCE

Abstract

This research aimed (1) to study the Four Bases of Social Solidarity Saṅgahavatthu 4 in Buddhist temple development, (2) to examine the current conditions of the development of Nakha Thewi Temple in Nakha Subdistrict, Mueang District, Udon Thani Province, and (3) to propose the application of Saṅgahavatthu 4 for the development of the same temple. This study employed a qualitative research design, collecting field data through in-depth interviews with 21 key informants, and presenting the findings using descriptive analysis.

          The findings revealed that Saṅgahavatthu 4 comprising generosity dāna, kind speech piyavācā, beneficial conduct atthacariyā, and equality samānattatā serves as a relational principle that fosters cooperation and social cohesion. Generosity promotes sharing, kind speech builds trust, beneficial conduct emphasizes practical collaboration, and equality enhances fairness. When integrated, these principles can function as a sustainable Buddhist framework for temple development.

          Regarding the current conditions, Nakha Thewi Temple plays a strong role as a spiritual and social center of the community, particularly in promoting morality and preserving local cultural traditions, as well as indirectly supporting the local economy. However, participation remains limited among certain age groups, and economic development lacks a systematic approach, indicating the need for more adaptive and sustainable management.

          In terms of application, Saṅgahavatthu 4 can be systematically employed as a development mechanism. Generosity enhances participation, kind speech fosters mutual understanding, beneficial conduct encourages collective action, and equality ensures inclusiveness. Together, these principles form a dynamic cycle of development that strengthens the temple’s role as a religious and social institution and promotes long-term sustainability within the community.