THE SCOPE OF STATE AUTHORITY AND DUTIES IN PREVENTING RISKS FROM LARGE-SCALE CONSTRUCTION PROJECTS TO PUBLIC SAFETY
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This study aims to (1) analyze the scope of authority of state agencies in regulating and directing preventive measures against risks arising from large-scale construction projects in public areas; (2) examine the duties of the state under public law in preventing public risks; and (3) propose legal and policy recommendations to enhance the protection of public safety. This research adopts a qualitative approach, employing documentary research and doctrinal legal analysis as its primary methods. The sample consists of legal documents and academic literature selected through purposive sampling. The research instruments include a document analysis form and a public law–based analytical framework. Data were analyzed using qualitative content analysis and legal interpretation. The findings reveal that Thai law does not lack state authority to prevent risks from large-scale construction projects. However, such authority is fragmented and lacks clearly defined and systematic preventive duties. Many preventive powers are structured as discretionary authorities that do not legally obligate the state to act when risks reach critical levels. Moreover, there is an absence of clear decision-making standards and transparent, accountable mechanisms. The study reflects that the core problem of the Thai legal system does not lie in the absence of authority, but rather in the failure to transform such authority into binding preventive duties with clear standards and accountability. The findings can be applied as a guideline for improving laws and public policies to enhance public safety protection from risks associated with large-scale construction projects in the future.
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