THE POLITICAL ECOLOGY FOR PROMOTION OF TOURISM IN TRANG PROVINCE

Abstract

This research has the following objectives: 1. to analyze the problems related to political ecology in promoting tourism in Trang Province 2. to analyze the factors affecting political ecology in promoting tourism in Trang Province 3. to generate knowledge on political ecology for the promotion of tourism in Trang Province. This study is a qualitative research. Data were collected through documentary research and in-depth interviews. Key informants were selected using purposive sampling, and focus group discussions were conducted with experts and qualified specialists, totaling 35 participants. The research instruments consisted of interview guides, and the data were analyzed using descriptive analysis.

Research findings revealed that: 1. Regarding the problems related to political ecology in promoting tourism in Trang Province, it was found that most political parties do not place importance on formulating clear tourism promotion policies. Instead, they tend to focus on grassroots populations, who constitute the majority of society, in order to gain votes, build patronage, and create trust in politicians and political parties. The absence of clear tourism policies results in a lack of initiative and limited visionary capacity among local politicians in carrying out tourism development efforts.

1. Factors affecting political ecology in promoting tourism in Trang Province the findings indicate that political party policies are the primary factor. Politicians lack sufficient knowledge, ethical commitment, and vision regarding tourism, and tend to prioritize political competition over development. As a result, governance is ineffective and tourist attractions lack proper maintenance and development. At the same time, patronage systems, political influence, corruption, and a lack of transparency limit the autonomy of civil servants and reduce public participation. Citizens tend to accept the existing system and do not fully exercise their rights and freedoms, which ultimately hinders the sustainable development of tourism.


2. Knowledge on political ecology for promoting tourism in Trang Province The knowledge derived from this study is synthesized into the PEBDB Model, which explains the interconnections among politics, the economy, the environment, and society. Economic policies change in accordance with political ideologies, while human intervention transforms natural ecosystems into political ecology. Natural resources are limited and vulnerable, social change emerges through conflicts of ideas, and human activities contribute to land and social degradation. This model therefore provides an integrated framework for understanding and promoting sustainable tourism development in the context of Trang Province.