THE ICONOGRAPHY OF AVALOKITEŚVARA THROUGH THE SADDHARMAPUṆḌARĪKA SŪTRA

Abstract

This article presents an analysis of the relationship between the iconography of Avalokiteśvara depicted in the Saddharmapuṇḍarīka Sūtra and its influence on Buddhist artistic characteristics in Thailand and other countries. Employing the method of iconographic study, the research explores artistic expressions and the creation of sacred images that embody the compassion and benevolence of the Bodhisattva Avalokiteśvara. The findings indicate that representations of Avalokiteśvara have evolved across regions such as India, China, Japan, Korea, and Thailand, shaped by cultural beliefs, social contexts, and regional aesthetics. The Saddharmapuṇḍarīka Sūtra describes the Bodhisattva’s 33 manifestations, each appearing to assist sentient beings in various circumstances, thereby promoting widespread reverence in Asian art, belief systems, and ritual practices. The study further highlights the enduring significance of compassion and healing conveyed through Avalokiteśvara’s iconography, which continues to resonate in contemporary societies. Moreover, the devotion and artistic representations associated with Avalokiteśvara are projected to expand into digital media, contemporary art, and psychological healing practices, emphasizing simplicity, tranquility, and universal accessibility.