LEADERSHIP AND ENTREPRENEURIAL CHARACTERISTICS AS DETERMINANTS OF SOCIAL ENTERPRISE EFFECTIVENESS AND SUSTAINABILITY IN UPPER NORTHERN THAILAND
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This study examined the influence of entrepreneurial characteristics and leadership styles on the effectiveness of social enterprises in Upper Northern Thailand. A quantitative research design was employed using survey data collected from 400 senior executives of social enterprises. The sample size was determined using Yamane’s formula. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Pearson’s correlation analysis, and multiple regression analysis. The findings revealed that entrepreneurial characteristics and leadership styles significantly influenced social enterprise effectiveness. Ethical leadership, social responsibility, stakeholder management, and knowledge management showed significant positive relationships with organizational effectiveness, with ethical leadership emerging as the strongest predictor. The regression analysis indicated that entrepreneurial characteristics explained 70.5% of the variance in organizational effectiveness, while leadership styles explained 72.1%. In addition, socially responsible leadership, ethical leadership, and visionary leadership demonstrated significant positive effects on organizational performance. These findings suggest that value-based leadership and entrepreneurial capabilities are critical factors in enhancing the effectiveness and sustainability of social enterprises. The study provides empirical evidence that can support policymakers and practitioners in developing strategies to strengthen social enterprise performance and sustainable development.
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