STATISTICAL ANALYSIS OF CONTRABAND DETECTION IN POSTAL PARCELS AND POSTAL OFFICERS' KNOWLEDGE ON SCREENING

Abstract

The objectives of this research are 1) to analyze the statistics and trends of prohibited items detected in postal parcels in Thailand 2) to survey the level of knowledge and understanding among postal staff regarding the screening of prohibited items and 3) to investigate the factors and constraints affecting the operational efficiency of the staff. This study employs a Mixed Methods Research design. The researcher analyzed detection statistics from 19 postal centers nationwide over a 19-month period (January 2024 - July 2025) focusing on both comprehensive statistical data and in-depth insights. In the quantitative phase, a sample of 360 operational staff was selected from a total population of approximately 3,800 using the Taro Yamane formula at a 95% confidence level. Data were collected through 5-point Likert Scale questionnaires and analyzed using SPSS to determine frequency percentage mean and standard deviation. In the qualitative phase the researcher conducted in-depth interviews with experts. The recorded data were transcribed and subjected to Content Analysis by identifying key themes and categorizing information. The results were then synthesized and interpreted in conjunction with relevant theories to ensure academic validity and reliability.

The research findings revealed that

          1) Statistics and Trends : A total of 20,311 prohibited items were detected, with a continuous upward trend throughout the study period, specifically in the categories of narcotics and e-cigarettes.

          2) Knowledge and Understanding : Overall, operational staff demonstrated
a high level of knowledge and understanding regarding the screening of prohibited items. However, their understanding of legal rights and regulations concerning parcel inspection was found to be at a low level, representing a key area for improvement.

          3) Key Determinants of Screening Efficiency: Three primary factors significantly influence screening effectiveness: the specialized expertise of personnel operating under standard protocols, the integration of advanced inspection technologies to enhance precision, and the establishment of collaborative networks with security agencies to link interception databases. These elements are essential for elevating safety standards and mitigating the risks associated with the illicit transport of contraband.

          4) Critical Constraints: Major impediments include legal restrictions concerning the physical inspection of parcels, which result in operational delays, and a shortage of personnel relative to the high volume of shipments. Furthermore, the lack of budgetary support for sophisticated screening technology hampers operational capacity, rendering efforts insufficient to keep pace with the evolving tactics of modern-day smuggling.