MEDITATION THERAPY IN THE FOUR FOUNDATIONS OF MINDFULNESS FOR SCHOOL-AGED CHILDREN: A BUDDHIST-BASED SYNTHESIS FOR ENHANCING MENTAL HEALTH AND SELF-REGULATION

Abstract

This academic paper presents a synthesis of meditation therapy grounded in the Four Foundations of Mindfulness (Satipatthana 4) to enhance the mental health and self-regulation capabilities of school-aged children. The study integrates Buddhist principles, developmental psychology, and empirical research. The analysis begins by comparing pre-Buddhist ascetic meditation practices with the Middle Way (Majjhima Patipada). This comparison highlights the distinct advantages of Buddhist training in mindfulness, concentration, and wisdom, which emphasizes moderation avoiding extremes and aims to cultivate a profound understanding of the nature of the body and mind. Theoretical analysis indicates that attention deficits in children are correlated with impairments across four dimensions: physical, emotional, social, and intellectual functioning. Particular emphasis is placed on Executive Functions (EF), which are often compromised by early exposure to digital media.

  The key findings are categorized into four main sections:

1. Applicable Buddhist Knowledge: The practices of Venerables Rahula, Maha Kassapa, Maha Moggallana, and Anna Kondanna serve as models for mindfulness training that align with child development, illustrating qualities such as contemplation, perseverance, and emotional awareness.


2. Design Principles for Primary School Children: Interventions should prioritize short-duration activities, utilize multisensory approaches, and initiate practice with Kayanupassana (Mindfulness of the Body) to naturally cultivate mindfulness.


3. Training Formats via the Four Postures: Standing, walking, sitting, and lying down serve as a framework for integrating meditation into daily life, applicable within both school and family contexts.


4. Empirical Evidence: Programs such as Mindfulness-Based Interventions (MBIs) and MOM have been shown to reduce attention deficits, enhance Executive Functions, alleviate anxiety, and promote biological homeostasis.

  The article concludes that "Meditation Therapy in the Four Postures" represents a comprehensive academic alternative, integrating doctrinal principles, developmental suitability, and tangible outcomes. It can be effectively applied in educational and familial settings to sustainably foster holistic well-being and self-regulation skills in children.