PROBLEMS IN THE APPLICATION OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN THE LEGISLATIVE DRAFTING PROCESS: A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF THAI LAWS

Abstract

This research article aims to: (1) examine the challenges, obstacles, and potential risks in adopting artificial intelligence (AI) in Thailand’s legislative drafting process; (2) study theoretical concepts and developments concerning the application of AI in legislative drafting; (3) analyze legal measures in both foreign jurisdictions and Thailand regarding the regulation of AI in legislative processes; and (4) explore and propose approaches for reforming laws and policies to appropriately, effectively, and safely integrate AI into Thailand’s legislative framework in alignment with the rule of law. The study employs documentary research combined with comparative legal analysis, focusing on the experiences of the European Union, the United States, Japan, Singapore, and Estonia.

            The findings reveal that, while AI has the potential to enhance the efficiency, speed, and accuracy of legislative processes, Thailand still lacks a dedicated legal framework, sufficient expert personnel, and adequate digital infrastructure. These shortcomings hinder the effective and safe integration of AI compared with developed countries. Consequently, the article provides policy recommendations that include establishing transparent and accountable AI governance frameworks, amending and enacting relevant laws, developing explainable AI technologies, and strengthening the digital literacy and expertise of government officials to ensure informed use of AI in legislative drafting.

            Therefore, this research is not only a juridical analysis but also an intellectual foundation for developing an AI governance framework tailored to the Thai legal context. The researcher intends to build upon this study at the doctoral level to propose strategic models that can be practically applied within Thailand’s legislative system.